Journal of Clinical Case Reports Medical Images and Health Sciences

  Comparison between Blood Pressure Readings of Mercury Sphygmomanometer versus Non-Mercury Sphygmomanometers by Areebah Qadir in Journal of Clinical Case Reports Medical Images and Health Sciences Summary The mercury sphygmomanometer has been the gold standard for accurately estimating BP in a non-invasive setting for over a century but in light of the recent concern worldwide over the potential toxicity of mercury and its effects, there has been a decrease in the use of the Mercury instruments and this study is aimed at validating the use of aneroid and digital sphygmomanometer in comparison with Mercury sphygmomanometer for monitoring blood pressure. This showed that aneroid devices were more efficient instruments than digital devices in classifying individuals as hypertensive or normotensives This was a cross-sectional study conducted clinically to figure out the accuracy of the 3 categories of sphygmomanometer, readings from an aneroid and a digital device were compared to r...

 An Extended SIR model with Vaccine Dynamics for SARS-CoV-2 adaptation rate by R.Horvat in Journal of Clinical Case Reports Medical Images and Health Sciences Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic is caused by infection with a SARS-CoV-2 virus, an RNA virus characterized by high mutation and replication rates. From the epidemiological perspective, the trajectory in time of viral adaptation is determined by two opposite forces: (a) proportion of the population that has acquired immunity, exerting thereby a selective pressure on the virus and (b) proportion of infected people in the population, measuring the net viral load in the population. We calculate both the number of advantageous mutations in the population that have accumulated by time t and the amount of viral adaptation transmitted to a susceptible compartment, the latter being called the Evolutionary Infectivity Profile (EIP). To this end we employ first a simple compartmental SIR model with a single parameter describing reductio...

Two user-friendly models and a simple cutoff value of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte ratio (NLR) for early Diagnosis of Diabetic Nephropathy in middleelderly aged pa-tients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-sectional study by Rui Wang in Journal of Clinical Case Reports Medical Images and Health Sciences  Abstract Background: Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been shown to predict worse outcomes of diabetic nephropathy (DN). This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association of NLR and DN in middle-elderly aged patients with type 2 diabetes, and attempted to confirm an optimized cutoff value of NLR for DN prediction. Methods: A total of 146 patients with type 2 diabetes were retrospectively included in this study. DN was defined as urine albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR) ≥30mg/g, or effective glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≤ 60ml/min·1.73m2. To evaluate the predictive role of NLR, logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analy...

  A Rare cause of Troponin elevation: Focal Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy by Arzu Canan in Journal of Clinical Case Reports Medical Images and Health Sciences Case presentation A 61-year-old woman with acute encephalopathy and acute cholecystitis, was found to have elevated troponin (high-sensitive troponin: 978 ng/L; >52 ng/L: abnormal), regional wall motion abnormality of mid anterior and septal segments and 50% LVEF on transthoracic echocardiography (Movie 1), without EKG changes. Patient denied chest pain, shortness of breath or palpitation.  Subsequent CTA demonstrated no coronary artery disease. ​ Cardiac MRI revealed LVEF 45%, focal akinesis of mid anterior and septal segments (Movie 2), and mild native T1 and T2 elevation without late gadolinium enhancement (Figure 1). Considering the concomitant medical stress and spontaneous troponin down titration (978 à 764 à711 ng/L), the patient was diagnosed with focal Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Follow-up echocardiogram...

 Tardive Dyskinesia and the concept of dopamine supersensitivity Psychosis in a patient with Schizoaffective disorder after withdrawal of an atypical Antipsychotic drug by Autumn Loichle in Journal of Clinical Case Reports Medical Images and Health Sciences Abstract Antipsychotics are the first-line treatment for psychotic disorders, which have antagonistic effects on the D 2  dopamine-receptor, reducing dopamine mediated transmission. Long-term use of antipsychotics can potentially lead to a likely irreversible disorder called tardive dyskinesia (TD). The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM V) defines tardive dyskinesia as a medication-induced movement disorder that persists despite discontinuation or change of the medications.[1] While it is typical to see the development of TD with long-term use of antipsychotics, there are few reported cases reports of the development of TD with the withdrawal of antipsychotics. The development of TD...